Acne vulgaris, commonly referred to as pimples and blackheads, is usually most marked during the teens, the period at which all the glands of the body are developing and are overactive. Probably as many as 90 per cent of all young persons have acne to some degree. The disorder is manifested by large or small pimples and blackheads, seen chiefly on the face, forehead, neck, back, chest, and outer surfaces of the arms, and commonly it is associated with and excessive oiliness of the skin and with considerable dandruff of the scalp. It is supposedly caused primarily by an infection of the fat glands of the skin, and, though not of internal origin, it is influence by internal factors. Anything that decreases the individual's general vitality tends to aggravate the acne, whether this be constipation, faulty diet, anemia, insufficient sleep, or improper hygiene.
In young women it is frequently aggravated by the menstrual period. In such cases the eruption not uncommonly practically clears up shortly after the menstrual period only to become aggravated shortly before the time of the next period. The disorder is seen commonly even in individuals who are meticulous in their hygiene. All cases of acne should be properly treated to avoid subsequent scarring and to afford the afflicted individual a minimum of embarrassment. Treatment should be given in spite of the fact that there is a tendency toward eventual spontaneous cure of the disorder. It seldom persists long after the individual has reached the age of twenty years.
All persons with acne should avoid an excess of sweets, fried foods, highly seasoned articles of diet, and indigestible foods. They should eat three meals a day at regular hours and avoid coffee, alcoholics, and other stimulating drinks. They should be instructed not to take hot baths but to take tepid baths as desired for hygienic purposes and a cold shower or a cold tub every morning. Fresh aid, sunshine, sufficient rest and sleep, and exercise in moderation are important. The bowels should be regulated by diet alone. Individual cases vary so greatly in their characteristics that any medicinal treatment should be carried out only under the direction of a physician.
The teacher must distinguish between acne and skin diseases that are infectious. An attempt must be made to prevent the afflicted individual from becoming self-conscious because of the condition since it appears at that time of life when the average person wants to look his best.
by Clark W. Finnerud
Common Skin Diseases of Children
