The Poles, taking advantage of the distracted state of affairs, invaded the empire on the one hand, while the Tartars swept out of Asia and overrun the country from the east. In the midst of the struggle, Kief, "the Mother of Cities," was destroyed, being given over to pillage by the forces of the princes of Moscow and Gallitch. With the warring parties one capital after another arose to pre-eminence. Upon the destruction of Kief, Moscow began to assume new importance. Novgorod, always a seat of power of greater or less magnitude, likewise had its ups and downs.
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From General Nelson A. Miles
Thrilling Stories of The Russian-Japanese War, 1904
